Rice is a staple food cultivated and consumed in Indonesia. Rice (Oryza Sativa L) constitutes one of the most important staple foods of over half of the world’s population. Globally, it ranks third after wheat and maize in terms of production. Water is essential for rice cultivation and its supply in adequate quantity is one of the most important factors in rice production. Water plays a prominent role in rice production. Water consumption between varieties assembled for paddy fields and for upland will be very different. Wetland rice is directed to grow well on land with groundwater status above the field capacity with water requirement of approximately 6-8 millimeters (mm) per day or rainfall more than 200 mm per month along the plant growth. Upland rice can grow and productive on different land conditions, in the areas with soil moisture status below the field capacity with water requirement 4-6 mm day-1 or rainfall more than 100 mm per month. Exploring ways to produce more rice with less water is essential for food security and sustaining environmental health of Indonesia.